NissirosV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 000084

Precursory activity of the 161 ka Kos Plateau Tuff eruption, Aegean Sea (Greece)

Identifieur interne : 000084 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000083; suivant : 000085

Precursory activity of the 161 ka Kos Plateau Tuff eruption, Aegean Sea (Greece)

Auteurs : David J. W. Piper [Canada] ; Georgia Pe-Piper [Canada] ; Darren Lefort [Canada]

Source :

Bulletin of volcanology : (Print) [ 0258-8900 ] ; 2010.

RBID : Pascal:10-0389538

Descripteurs français

Pascal (Inist)
- Plateau, Tuf volcanique, Eruption, Quaternaire, Surrection, Ponce, Galet, Pétrographie, Pléistocène, Rhyolite, Andésite basaltique, Magma, Néotectonique, Phénocristal, Olivine, Bytownite, Enstatite, Diopside, Amphibole, Fractionnement, Croûte terrestre, Chambre magmatique, Mixage, Ile Cos, Mer Egée.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Aegean Sea, Kos, Pleistocene, Quaternary, amphibole, basaltic andesite, bytownite, crust, diopside, enstatite, eruptions, fractionation, magma chambers, magmas, mixing, neotectonics, olivine, pebbles, petrography, phenocrysts, plateaus, pumice, rhyolites, tuff, uplifts.

Abstract

The Kos Plateau Tuff (KPT) eruption of 161 ka was the largest explosive Quaternary eruption in the eastern Mediterranean. We have discovered an uplifted beach deposit of abraded pumice cobbles, directly overlain by the KPT. The pumice cobbles resemble pumice from the KPT in petrography and composition and differ from Plio-Pleistocene rhyolites on the nearby Kefalos Peninsula. The pumice contains enclaves of basaltic andesite showing chilled lobate margins, suggesting co-existence of two magmas. The deposit provides evidence that the precursory phase of the KPT eruption produced pumice rafts, and defines the paleoshoreline for the KPT, which elsewhere was deposited on land. The beach deposit has been uplifted about 120 m since the KPT eruption, whereas the present marine area south of Kos has subsided several hundred metres, as a result of regional neotectonics. The basaltic andesite is more primitive than other mafic rocks known from the Kos-Nisyros volcanic centre and contains phenocrysts of Fo₈₉ olivine, bytownite, enstatite and diopside. Groundmass amphibole suggests availability of water in the final stages of magma evolution. Geochemical and mineralogical variation in the mafic products of the KPT eruption indicate that fractionation of basaltic magma in a base-of-crust magma chamber was followed by mixing with rhyolitic magma during eruption. Low eruption rates during the precursory activity may have minimised the extent of mixing and preserved the end-member magma types.

Affiliations:

Canada

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to stream PascalFrancis, to step Corpus: 000012
to stream PascalFrancis, to step Curation: 000028
to stream PascalFrancis, to step Checkpoint: 000013
to stream Main, to step Merge: 000084
to stream Main, to step Curation: 000084

Le document en format XML

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<term>Quaternary</term>
<term>amphibole</term>
<term>basaltic andesite</term>
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<term>Eruption</term>
<term>Quaternaire</term>
<term>Surrection</term>
<term>Ponce</term>
<term>Galet</term>
<term>Pétrographie</term>
<term>Pléistocène</term>
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<term>Néotectonique</term>
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<term>Bytownite</term>
<term>Enstatite</term>
<term>Diopside</term>
<term>Amphibole</term>
<term>Fractionnement</term>
<term>Croûte terrestre</term>
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<term>Mixage</term>
<term>Ile Cos</term>
<term>Mer Egée</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The Kos Plateau Tuff (KPT) eruption of 161 ka was the largest explosive Quaternary eruption in the eastern Mediterranean. We have discovered an uplifted beach deposit of abraded pumice cobbles, directly overlain by the KPT. The pumice cobbles resemble pumice from the KPT in petrography and composition and differ from Plio-Pleistocene rhyolites on the nearby Kefalos Peninsula. The pumice contains enclaves of basaltic andesite showing chilled lobate margins, suggesting co-existence of two magmas. The deposit provides evidence that the precursory phase of the KPT eruption produced pumice rafts, and defines the paleoshoreline for the KPT, which elsewhere was deposited on land. The beach deposit has been uplifted about 120 m since the KPT eruption, whereas the present marine area south of Kos has subsided several hundred metres, as a result of regional neotectonics. The basaltic andesite is more primitive than other mafic rocks known from the Kos-Nisyros volcanic centre and contains phenocrysts of Fo<sub>89</sub>
 olivine, bytownite, enstatite and diopside. Groundmass amphibole suggests availability of water in the final stages of magma evolution. Geochemical and mineralogical variation in the mafic products of the KPT eruption indicate that fractionation of basaltic magma in a base-of-crust magma chamber was followed by mixing with rhyolitic magma during eruption. Low eruption rates during the precursory activity may have minimised the extent of mixing and preserved the end-member magma types.</div>
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<tree><country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Piper, David J W" sort="Piper, David J W" uniqKey="Piper D" first="David J. W." last="Piper">David J. W. Piper</name>
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Precursory activity of the 161 ka Kos Plateau Tuff eruption, Aegean Sea (Greece)

Precursory activity of the 161 ka Kos Plateau Tuff eruption, Aegean Sea (Greece)

Source :

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)

Le document en format XML

Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)

Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri